


Sure, we've all been there. We can't always afford the very best, so often times we have to settle for whatever we can get. All too often that means a compromise in safety. To make matters worse it's to easy too ignore a critical piece of safety gear that is Out of Sight, and Out of Mind. At TowMeUp.com we have a somewhat unique perspective. First, as a manufacturer we are intimately familiar with the construction methods of all the reserves available on the market today. When you look at the majority of reserves on the market, it's obvious that certain manufactures must pay more attention to their bottom line than they do to the safety of the pilots who choose to use their products. Poor construction techniques, no reinforcement of critical structural areas, poor system design and lack of certification by a recognized paragliding governing body are only a few of the concerns that are routinely encountered. As a manufacturer of probably the most popular winch used for paraglider towing worldwide, we get to attend and provide towing services for many over the water safety clinics worldwide.
One of the things that becomes readily apparent when you watch lots of reserve deployments is the ones that work, and more importantly the ones that don't work. All too often we have seen reserve deployments made both in haste, and in practise where the reserve fails to deploy successfully, and more than a few where the pilot needs to make several attempts to get the reserve out of the container. Even the best reserve can malfunction if packed incorrectly. Errors in stowing the final closing loop in the deployment container, or in harness construction that prevent the pilots ability to remove the deployment container from the harness can be avoided with a bit of care and common sense. Some systems use older designs that work well when deployed at high speed, but are prone to malfunction in low speed, low energy deployments. Several older designs worked well enough with hang gliders, in fact they were designed to best ensure that the reserve remained in the deployment bag or container until it was well clear of the hang glider after it had broken up in flight. Structurally, some of these are of almost bomb proof construction, and they are even tested and deployed in free fall by skydivers.
Unfortunately, the realities of paragliding MUST account for both high speed and low speed deployments. Consider a rather typical scenario. A wanna be acro pilot climbs out and decides to show off the SAT that he/she learned at a recent maneuvers clinic. While they had successfully done the maneuver under an instructor's watchful eye and with coaching, this was their big chance to show off their new found "skills" to their buddies at their home site. They forget to weight shift into the maneuver and jam on the brake. The glider spins nicely..... Whoops, not quite what they had in mind, ah well hands up.... What the??? Whoaaaaa, big surge, whack, an asymmetric deflation, ohhh that's a big one I can almost reach out and touch my glider, not to worry, brake the open side and go straight......... ahhhhh shoot now we're spinning the other way, O/K, O/K , hands up...... why am I spinning???... Oh shoot, that's a big riser twist, wheewwww at least the glider's opening, whooooooaaaa baby where are you going, oh my gosh that's a cravatte..... Don't let it wind up, brake it, brake it,,,, what the heck, now I'm turning the other way, more brake on the other side.... uh oh, that was a mistake, the brakes are stuck in the twist, so this is what a tailslide looks like, gee, I'm getting a bit low, I'd better toss. LOOK, REACH, OUT - WIGGLE WIGGLE, THROW HARD... wa hoo there it goes.... What the heck, the deployment bag is stuck on the reserve......, Ground coming up fast , pull it back in......... throoooowww WHACK, SMOOSH, (insert sound of rock strawberry forming here).
Ah well, consider the opportunity for the sales ad when your gear is disposed of:
FOR SALE
Paragliding reserve
Thrown Once
Never Deployed
Small Red Stain
Make Offer
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Is your reserve up to par? If not we have a suggestion... |
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So unique it's patented!
Conarby Metamorfosi |
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| A pulled down apex design with a unique vent design for dramatically better performance. |
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The Metamorfosi Conar is perhaps the finest reserve available in the world. It's so unique in its design it actually has its own patent, unlike most of the designs on the market which are just copies of designs that have existed for years. The Conar is a pulled down apex design with a unique fabric gore located in the vent. This is designed to channel the air flowing out the vent over the upper surface of the reserve and functions much like a boundary layer inducer. It helps the exiting air to conform to the upper surface of the reserve, which helps reduce the pressure on top of the reserve much like the pressure is reduced on the upper surface of an airfoil. This reduction in pressure does two things. First it helps the reserve open quicker, which is critical in a low altitude deployment. Secondly, it helps reduce the sink rate and improves the stability of the canopy. This reduction in sink rate allows you to carry a much smaller reserve than would be typical for a competitive product to achieve the same sink rate. This smaller reserve is then lighter, it occupies a smaller pack volume, and it opens faster. If you fly in stronger winds it also is a bit easier to disable than a much larger reserve would be.
Here are some photos of a typical Conar Deployment sequence:
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Here's an all to typical deployment scenario. The pilot flies around with a wrap in the brakes and enters a big thermal. Predictably the glider rocks back and the pilot over brakes the glider. The glider stalls and because the pilot keeps the wrap on the brakes it fails to recover and flails wildly. To close to the ground, the pilot LOOKS for the reserve handle, GRABS the handle and pulls it with an OUT, WIGGLE, WIGGLE maneuver, winds up and throws the container. In this photo you can see the glider has inflated and surged forward (See what happens when you just let up the brakes to wind up for a toss?)
Note the deployment bag and the already inflating reserve! |
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Here the reserve parachute is in the opening stages. The reserve has actually opened and is rebounding, before stabilizing in it's fully open configuration.
Note the deployment bag still in view near the top of the photo. |
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The reserve is fully inflated and the pilot is reeling in the brakes to disable the glider.
Note how far the risers are pulled out in front of the pilot. Often times it's impossible for the pilot to reach the risers to disable the glider with the B, C, or D risers. |
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Our pilot has done a good job disabling their glider, and has their feet together ready for a PLF type landing.
Note the shoulder mounted attachments allow the pilot to descend in a very good position. |
Sizing a Conar is a bit different than other reserves, since the sizes and sink rates tend to overlap a wee bit. Figuring the appropriate size is a bit different and you need to refer to the jump height chart shown below:

In order to determine the appropriate size reserve for your needs, please refer to the equivalent jump height chart above. Please note that it ONLY works with Conar reserves. The specially designed cone of fabric affixed inside the apex vent reduces the sink rate of the parachute, whilst simultaneously speeding up the opening time. To achieve a similar sink rate with a different canopy usually requires a larger reserve. Larger reserves of course weigh more, require more pack volume, and take longer to open, as you well know.
Let's look at a fairly typically 212 pound pilot as an example. That's just under 100 kilos, so figure in his kit and equipment for X/C and use 120 Kg for the flying weight.
Look at the bottom of the chart at 120 Kg and go up vertically. You can see that at that weight your pilot actually intersects all 4 reserve sizes. He is at the very top of the weight range for a 16 gore (the pink line). Using this reserve he should have the fastest opening, but the highest sink rate. If you go to the left side of the chart you can see he has an equivalent jump height of 1.9 meters and on the left he would have a sink rate of about 6.1 Meters per second or about 1200 FPM. This of course would be the fastest you would want to come down under reserve (a bit less than a military round canopy) and would be like jumping from a 1.9 meter wall.
On the other end the scale, he intersects the bottom of the weight range for a tandem. It's equivalent to stepping off a 3' wall and the sink rate is very low. The trade off is that the larger reserve takes more time to fully open, therefore requiring more height. The sink rate is great unless of course he flies in a lot of wind, then he needs to figure out what to do after landing.
He's right in the middle of the 18 gore and towards the low end of a 20 gore. The sink rate is either like stepping off a 1.2 meter wall, or a 1.5 meter wall. Either one should be fine. That's where you need to judge the pilot. A slim athletic pilot who can disable a glider and get into the PLF position would be inclined to go for the smaller size. A couch potato, not terribly active pilot is probably better off with the larger reserve.
If you are a Powered Paraglider pilot, consider the likelihood of your being able to get your feet under yourself following a deployment. It's a good bet that you might not be able to land on your feet, and a larger reserve with a lower sink rate might be a good idea.
Down planing may also be an issue, and experience has shown that a reserve with a lower sink rate makes it much easier to disable the often still flying, or partially flying paraglider. Using a smaller reserve allows for higher descent rates and tends to cause the paraglider to want to downplane which actually increases the sink rate of the paraglider/reserve/pilot combination. Of course it's also possible to reduce downplaning by judicious application of the brakes. It may be preferable in some cases to use the brakes to steer the downplaning canopy helping to drag the pilot/reserve/paraglider combination away from an undesirable descent path. Just another issue to consider.
The other consideration might be the location you choose to fly. If it often involves stronger winds, going with the smaller size makes it easier to deal with the reserve once you hit the ground in strong winds. At over the water clinics, following a botched maneuver and subsequent reserve deployment, I've had pilots who's reserves don't deflate and they go for an interesting ride across the lake until we can get downwind of them to catch the reserve. On a rocky dirt field, the results might not be so pleasant. Of course the converse may also be true. If you typically fly over very inhospitable terrain, that might cause you to land on a steep rocky slope in the event of a reserve deployment, and you typically fly in relatively light winds, you may prefer the slowest impact speed possible, which calls for a larger reserve.
Even with the best reserve, it does no good unless the entire system is well thought out and engineered. Simple looped webbing bridles that are knotted or girth hitched have no place in our safety kit. Nor do older style deployment systems that were designed for hang gliders or predominantly high speed deployments. Older reserve bridles and attachments made from tubular webbing are dangerous and should be discarded. Making even a small nick in a piece of tubular webbing allows the entire webbing to unravel, allowing it to fail at a very low application of force. Take a look at the photos below:
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This is a tubular webbing bridle from a customers harness. The upper picture shows an area of wear that was present where the bridles came up along the pilots neck and attached to the shoulders of his harness. Years of expose to sun and sweat had caused it to fray to the point shown in the picture. We noted that it should be changed and used our load cell to conduct a pull test to determine the true breaking strength of the bridle in it's current condition. It broke at 464 pounds! Figure a 220 pound pilot, with his harness, vario, water, etc, then allow for a 4 - 6 G opening shock. Think it would stay together? |
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Here's the setup we recommend. We use a 6000 pound test flat braided webbing Y bridle that is sewn with bar tacks at each of the 3 loops. Unique in it's construction, and manufactured in house to any length required here at TowMeUp.com, this bridle will allow for a safe descent even if one leg of the bridle were to be damaged or severed during the deployment. This might be of particular importance to Powered Paraglider pilots who may encounter a prop strike or hot exhaust during a deployment. |
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Here's a close up of the row of bar tacks forming the eye on either end of the webbing. Note the loops are sewn small enough to preclude the ability to girth hitch or loop the bridle to another piece of webbing. Webbing should NEVER be looped to itself or knotted. During a deployment the forces will tighten the knot causing it to melt the webbing and cause a possible failure of the connection. |
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The ends of the Y bridle are attached to the shoulder straps on the harness with Stainless Steel trapezoidal links and prevented from rotating through the use of some judiciously placed O rings. Don't even consider the cheesy plated links, a knot, or a girth hitch for this application. |
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The single end of the bridle is connected to the central apex line from the reserve and secured with a couple O rings. |
| Notice that we prefer a single apex line reserve. Very few of the reserves available on the market today are steerable, and of those that are, this feature is mostly hype. In the dozens of deployments we have witnessed with paragliders, we have only seen one where the pilot even had a remote chance of steering the reserve. Even then, the reserve opened in a direction that he would rather not be traveling, and it put him in a worse location that he would have been in with a simple non-steerable pulled down apex design. In order to steer the reserve you must first completely disable your paraglider and wrap it between your legs so that you can even free a hand to have any hope of steering the reserve. Then of course you have to hope that while you're dealing with the glider, it doesn't end up headed at a cliff face, or running downwind for a high wind landing. If the steering mechanism relies on toggles, they need to be easily reached by the pilot (after the paraglider is disabled of course) and if it uses a multi riser system the increased sink rate that will occur and the uncommanded course change if any of the risers hangs up should give the potential user pause to consider if there isn't perhaps a better solution. |
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Finally, construction of the reserve is of paramount importance. Many of the cheaper reserves don't even reinforce the seams, vent, or skirt band. Some fail to secure the lines and during deployment they can shift and melt. Sloppy construction by some firms allows seams that sew the panels together to run off into the fabric creating point loads that can cause the fabric to tear in a high speed opening. The Conar is very well constructed with a high resistance, low porosity parachute-grade Nylon canopy. It uses Kevlar reinforcement of the entire canopy structure. High tensile resistance Nylon 6.6 braid bridal lines are used for maximum elasticity under load, with an approximately 3000 kg breaking load. An 8mm stainless steel "maillon rapid" quick link is supplied with each reserve for paragliding applications with an over 5500kg breaking load. |
For more information
| http://www.metamorfosi.com/Meta_en.htm | Conar specific information |
| http://www.metamorfosi.com/ | Main Metamorfosi Website |
| http://www.metamorfosi.com/Leucate_en.htm | The best treatise on paragliding reserves we have ever come across. Mandatory review for those conducting or attending a paragliding reserve clinic. |
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Conar Instruction and repacking manual |
| For Assistance with getting your reserve repacked, please contact us at TowMeUp.com, or contact the following authorized repack centers directly | |
| Discover Paragliding in Oregon | Cloud 9 Soaring Center in Utah |
The rapidly rising Euro makes it very hard to maintain an accurate pricing schedule, but one thing is certain. the prices do fluctuate with the value of the Euro, since we must order our reserves from the manufacturer in Italy. It's a safe bet that the Euro will continue to rise, as will the price of the Conars we import. Suggested list prices in US $ as of August 2007 are:
Conar 16 gore $ Not Currently Available at any price
Conar 18 gore $ Not Currently Available at any price
Conar 20 gore $ Not Currently Available at any price
Conar 22 gore $ Not Currently Available at any price
While not cheap by any means, any of these reserves are less than what I paid for my first Supair Freestyle back in the mid 90's and it was frankly a piece of crap made from 20 year old technology. IMHO there are no finer reserves than the Conar available at any price, which is why I carry them in all my harnesses, and recomend them highly. I've tested mine due to a rather stupid pilot oversight (ALWAYS, ALWAYS USE YOUR WEAKLINKS!) and it worked spectacularilly well. In all the clinics I've been to over the years the Conar reserves ALWAYS seem to work all the time, and with better results than the rest.
Standard TowMeUp.com quantity pricing applies to these reserves as well as many of our other products. Buy 5 and we ship you 6 of the same or smaller size for the same price. Buy 10 and we ship you 13 of the same or smaller size for the same price.
For those instructors who want to ensure you students are flying the very best Reserve available and you can't justify a quantity purchase, please contact us via fax or email with your USHGA school ID and instructor # and we'll be more than willing to help you out since we have dealer pricing available on this product in quantities as low as 1. We also offer the quantity discount to clubs who have the ability to repack and support the reserve through the installation phase. Please contact us with request for information or assistance.
If you're a National or Internationally ranked competitor in either Cross Country or Acrobatics, please contact us as well for possible promotional pricing.
This Page last updated Nov 2011 Copyright TowMeUp.com All Rights Reserved